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转：任不寐给《时代》周刊的一封公开信An Open Letter to Time Magazine Editors | ||||||
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作者:任不寐 来自：世纪中国 http://WWW.YeCao.Net 时间:2006-1-7 | ||||||
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An Open Letter to Time Magazine Editors Dear editors: I am a Chinese, I want to represent some Chinese readers who shared the same opinions with me, to express our different views for the group of articles published on Time Magazine in titled of CHINA'S NEW REVOLUTION on June 20th, 2005. We think the standpoints of the articles concerning on China is unilateral. The journalists who wrote these articles may unduly rely on the official information that they collected from their personal contacts with Beijing authorities. We believe this caused them lacking an overall understanding for the true circumstance of China. In history, there was always a problem in western sinology and western media when they view issues about China. Their standpoints often were influenced by the Chinese government itself. This kind of problem existed in Great Leap Forward period as well as in the Cultural Revolution. In our opinion, to assist or echo the myth of China’s rise and China’s stability created by the Central Propaganda Department of China would not only encourage the arrogance of the Beijing dictatorship as it deals domestic and international issues; it would also be injustice for the millions of common Chinese who suffers from both economical plights and political disasters. Giving compliment to an injustice system is the ignorance and humiliation to all who fight against the injustice and who are trampled by the injustice. I. “CHINA'S NEW REVOLUTION “ started with the story related a 20- years old village girl Liu Li ( transliteration) who worked in a factory that making exporting clothes for the United States. This lucky girl earned $120.00 per month, the article said. I believe the journalist who wrote this article did not pay any attention to the reports written by many brave Chinese journalists that it is very popular to use child labors for the companies in China. Girl like Liu Li has neither basic welfare nor labor union protection. More important, Liu Li does not even represent the widespread destiny of the Chinese village girls. On May 21st, 2003, Liu Shaojia, senior lecturer of the Department of Economics of Brunel University in England, published a commentary on BBC website, quoting from an investigation on the conditions of Chinese prostitutes submitted by a sociologist of the Chinese Institute of Society and Science, she pointed out that there are three main sources for prostitute business in China: one of the three is composed by the factory working girls who comes from villages in the beginning. These girls are the majority of the prostitutes, she wrote. The commentary said there was a factory in Dong Wan, Guangdong that hired over one hundred girls from Sichuan. However, more than half of those girls turned to become prostitutes within two years after they entered the factory from countryside. The remains of the girls were all congenitally deficient. The second source of the prostitutes consisted of girls who directly humbugged from their hometowns by the organized criminals called “the chicken head”. The unfortunate fate of these countryside girls closely related to the poverty and the social unfairness of China. They went to cities to find jobs, yet, even they luckily find jobs in the city, their monthly income would be at most 600 or 700 Chinese Yuan, and it would be hardly left any after daily expense and mailed back some to hometown to support their families. Obviously, those country girls worked life or death for “Made in China”, but made no difference with idle city people. They both basically belonged to the same income stratum: low income or poverty groups, the commentary author wrote. How many prostitutes in China? The article gave us a reference data: the industry of prostitution in China creates value of output over hundreds of billions Chinese Yuan each year. Another reference data is: the transaction of each deal for Chinese prostitute is between 10 Chinese Yuan and 1,000 Chinese Yuan. Being abducting and sold are the additional miserable fortune for the village girls. According to the report of XinHua Agency on October 20th, 2000, there were at least 110,000 and 13,000 kidnapped women and children in China have been rescued by police department. Relatively, an article on South Metropolitan Daily on December 2nd 2003 exposed that there have been more than 50,000 abandoned Chinese babies that were adopted by foreign families and this number is still increasing. Apple Daily in Hong Kong thus criticized:" Chinese exports orphans and gain 7.5 billions from it every year”. It really makes people feel deeply ashamed and embarrassed for such “China’s Rise”. Behind the case of Liu Li is the critical problem of unemployment in China. There were experts reported the total unemployment rate including city and countryside in China was 21.6% and the considerable proportion of this data was the “village surplus labor”. II. Time Magazine articles praised China’s stability with thick and heavy colored brushes. This shocked us since even Chinese government knows clearly how China achieved its stability and whether or not Chinese society is real stable. I think that though your journalist did not know the basic national policies of “ The stability excel anything else” established by Mr. Deng Xiaoping and Mr. Jiang Zemin since 1989, he or she at least should know the classic animadversion of Tacitus to the tyranny of Rome: “You changed the city into ruin and called it as peace afterwards.” ----What is the China’s stability? The communism has made whole nation into a big Labor Camp and then names it stable. According to the news from Chinesenews.com on July 7th 2005, Mr. Li Jingtian, vice minister of Chinese Organization Department, admitted during a press conference that “We called them “the group events” for those happened in Chinese rural areas recently.... Our modernization construction and reform are entering the key period, in which the average national income per person is from 1,000 to 3,000 US dollars. Some describes it golden development period as well as a contradictions highlighted period. Therefore, in pace with the deepening of the reform and development, some of the contradictions may be assembled to reveal”. So, to what extent of the serious are the Chinese group events? According to the report of South China Morning Post, Hong Kong, on July 7th, 2005, Zhou Yongkang, minister of Public Security Department of China, said at the meeting for member of the Standing Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference in Beijing, the number of collective demonstrations in China was increasing sharply from 10,000 in 1994 to 74,000 in last year. This data is only a reference, for the actual frequency of the disturbance obviously occurred more. A society that the mass riot happens annually about 80,000 times is called a harmonious society or a stability society, and such harmonious and stability are bought out through the airtight brutal suppress of police force and military troops. The basic nature and state of China’s stability has been showed clearly. Recently, Hebei, took placed the Ding Zhou massacre that shocked the country and the world. Yet, the government uses police force together with the underworld violence to loot the civilian, suppress collective demonstrations exist nationwide in China. At least, those words on the stability of China should be burned into ashes in Ding Zhou. III. We are especially astonished by these Time Magazine articles saying that the problems, such as human rights and freedom of religion in China, have been improved tremendously. The articles wrote that the Chinese people now could publicly criticize the government and could look for legal means to protect themselves. This has been nearly telling lies. The cases taking place in the beginning of this month of the internet writer Li Jianping (suspected publishing articles to “slander government” on the internet), and of the pastor Cai Zhuohua (accused “illegal management” because of self-provided printing and present the Holy Bible to others, are the latest and the most simple and direct accusations to those lies. Actually, since June 4th 1989, in China, only one “the Democracy Party" case cause so many people were penalized heavily and the period of these people in prison add together would be over a hundred years. Chinese have never has the right to openly criticize the government, still less the possibility to look for legal means to protect themselves. On May 25, 2005, Ge Lebin, chief of the Amnesty International Pacific Asia area, spoke in Hong Kong that Chinese human right defenders and civil activity organizers would be arbitrary detained or put under house arrest during the political sensitive dates by the government. Government also inhibits the spirit exercise and activities of religion organizations such as Fa Lun Gong, non- official Catholic organization, as well as Xinjiang and Tibet separate activities. The Amnesty International said in the report of “the Amnesty International Annual Report of 2005- Global Human Rights Condition” that: the problem of extensive and severe human right violation exists in all over the Mainland China. Millions continue to be imprisoned or detained in where their basic rights have been abused and their lives are under the high danger of being torture and tyrannizing. In addition, Mr. Ge Lebin said, thousands were put to death penalty or be executed and many happened right after the unfair interrogations. Collective protests caused by the forcing dismantle to move and taking over the land but not giving enough indemnification are still increasing. China continues using global “War on Terror” to rationalize its suppression to Uygur in Xinjiang. The rights of free expression and free religion are keeping on limited strictly in Tibet or other Tibetan area in China. Liao Peishan, chairwoman of the Amnesty International Hong Kong division, pointed out that the Chinese authorities keeps on using articles such as “penal code”, “subversion”, “national secret” and relevant unclear national security criminal charges, to accuse those peaceful activists and reform initiators. Lawyers, journalists, Aids defenders, Aids activists and residential right initiators, all suffered from being harass, detained or imprisoned, simply because they tried to record the human right violent condition, push reform or to look for compensations for those whose right have been violated. Ms.Liao said it is still a huge number of death penalty executed for individual cases in China. Within the world in record of 3,790 executed cases, 3,400 happened in China. Ms. Liao believes that the real number of executed death penalty in China is far high of 3,400, estimating there could be over 10,000 executed in China each year. Also, according to the report of Radio Free Asia, Mr. Copper, executive director of the National Press Club of Washington, emphasized while he was explaining the important database in the club’s 2004 annual report titled “Attack on the Press”, that there were 122 journalists were imprison in world last year and 42, one third of 122, were in China. Abi Wright, coordinator of Committee to Protect Journalists for Asia programs, said that china has been the most imprisoned journalist country in a row for six years. She said her Committee found out that the numbers of China’s imprisoned journalist has been increased 100% within six years. In recent years, more internet journalists and writers logically become the attacked target by government, but the attacking on traditional journalists is also rising. For example of last year, the Chinese authorities arrested and sentenced several editors of South Metropolitan Daily, including its ex- chief editor Cheng Yizhong, editorial board member Li Minying, and deputy editor Yu Huafeng etc. Zhao Yan, research fellow of New York Time in Beijing, was charged by Chinese National Security Bureau for illegally reveal national secret toward foreigners and be imprisoned till today; only because New York Time lead off exclusively the news that Jiang Zemin resigns from the chairman of Central Military Commission. In fact, above individual cases is a small part of locked up Chinese journalist cases. Up till now, these cases proved that the problem of Chinese journalists are being supervised is still there. Many thought 2004 was a disappointing year for those who sent great and earnest hope to Chinese National Chairman Hu Jintao. Though, Time Magazine obviously tried to turn round this widespread disappointment. Unfortunately, your articles had no convincible database. The Chinese Information and Industry Department said last week, up to June 30,2005, any domestic internet websites that did not finish the putting on record procedure to the ICP/ IP Address Management System of Information and Industry Department, will be temporarily closed by law. The related connecting server will pause to provide connecting service for it. Xinhuanet.com reported currently about 1/4 of websites are facing to be temporarily closed for not finishing the putting on record procedure. Based on this news, Channel NewsAsia reported: according to the Chinese official covariance data, up to the end of last year, internet websites under “cn” are about 669,000. The number is not including web sites that run under “com”. China added 42,000 websites under “cn” in the second half of last year. This means at least 170,000 websites will be closed. In February 2005, Chinese Information and Industry Department released administration regulations regarding “Administrative Measures on Non-Managed Internet Information Service to Put on Record”. The regulations require every websites must “show record number on the center of the main page and put link to the websites of Information and Industry Department under the record number for public to check”. The regulations also require all Chinese internet servers must not offer service for any website without putting on record and once the government considers closing a website, the server must execute the order immediately. Any violation to each of the regulations would have been fined for 10,000 Chinese Yuan. Website that are demanded to put on record include commercial website, government website and personal net station. The condition for freedom of speech in China is worsening seriously. Human right is being in the crisis. Discussing the progress of Chinese human rights under this circumstance is simply hard to understand. In fact, the victims of China’s human rights problem are not only dissidents and those brave journalists. Due to the lack of the freedom and the means for legal relief, every Chinese ordinary citizen is placed in fear in every moment today. Recent happened Yu Xianglin kind ten blunder cases are the only small tip of a large iceberg for Chinese human rights conditions. These outrageous cases include Xu Jingxiang “robbery and steal case”, She Xianglin “kill wife case”, Wang Shuhong “rape and murder case ”, Heibei, Chengde’s Chen Guoqing “robbery case”, Tang Shan’s Li Jiuming “ intentional killing case”, Henan Anyang county’s Qin Yanhong “rape case” and Nie Shubin “murder case” etc. What about the situation for “Right of life” in China? Based on some scholastic census, in 2003, in every 100 thousand, there are 13.6 Chinese dead because of the traffic, industrial injury and conflagration. The death rate of each 100 thousand increased from 4.4 of 1979 to 10.6 of 2003. As for the problem of non-normal death in China, Outlook Weekly published an article To Test the Transforming Social System on early April 2004. The article exposed that the non-normal death number of China each year include: (1), 120 thousand die for the tuberculosis annually; unknown number of death from snail fever and Aids. (2), At least 287 thousand people suicide each year. (3), There were 184 died because of the food poisoning in 2001. Expert estimate the actual food poisoned death number may be about over ten times of the census. (4), There were nearly 140 thousand died as the result of unsafe operation accidence. (5), Thousands died every year because of the natural disaster. (6), Conflagration caused lost around two hundred billions Chinese Yuan and injured or died 2300 each year. (7), Various sorts of criminal case’s death were near 70 thousand. (8), Annual traffic accident death is probably 100 thousand. (9), Death penalty number of every year was at least 10 thousand. As a rough calculation, non-normal death in China every year is over 800 thousand. Any country that had these cases and numbers should be considered as national humiliation and should be condemned universally. We do not understand why China, who had these tragedies occurred repeatedly, is praised for its human right progressing instead. This is a special kind of racial discrimination. It is saying that Chinese tortured by police and died non-normally are right and proper. For Chinese, the related cases are not human right problems. Dear editors, this kind of wording towards Chinese are not acceptable. IV. Time Magazine articles said that they also interviewed various elites of Chinese society, from business magnates to nationalists; from political dissidents to local government that listens to the popular will; from lawyers who concern the homosexual rights to writers, hot movie actors and actress. The articles used the ideas and deeds of these representative figures to display China’s priding change to Americans. Well worth to mention, Newsweek on May 9th, with title of China's century, used 21 pages to have a much more intensive report on these China’s priding changes. It said, “China’s rise is already not an estimate but a fact”. In China’s rise, “the most amazing increasing sample is Shanghai”. “China’s growth bought to world clearly huge benefit, especially to America”. “In 25 years, China’s annual growth rate attains 9% and this is the fastest growth rate for any large countries ever. At the same time, 3 billion Chinese took off the poverty. Chinese average per person income rose 4 times”. China is admiring and “Indian officials always say that Chinese officials would not need to worry about voters.” I do not know which political dissident Time Magazine interviewed and how this dissident displayed the “China’s priding changes to Americans. Yet, I do know those “various elites of Chinese society” do not represent the billions of ordinaries in China. I know that China’s rise “the most amazing increasing sample is Shanghai” however, Shanghai is not China. I know the data of both Chinese GDP statistics mode and the 9% annual growth rate are quite contentious for long time and the conclusion based on official data only made it more doubtable. I do not know while the 3 billion Chinese took off the poverty, how many others are falling into the poverty, and how those rising 4 times average per person income are distributed to the regular residents. I do know that those “political superiority” for China to be admired is absolutely unacceptable political crime for United States and other western counties. Here I need to state seriously that it will not be accepted in China, neither. For your magazine and some western readers to understand China more overall, it is necessary for me to refer to the facts and data below. 1, Zhu Qingfang: The Chinese social harmonious degree in figures It is on the low side for development expenditure of Chinese society comparing with rest of world. For example with the total amount in the percentage in GDP of three basic comparable development expenditure items such as social welfare, education and health, in 2003, China’s number is about 7%, lower than US’s 16% and France’s 30%. It is also lower than the 27%-10% for Poland, Russia, Iran, Brazil, and South Africa. Among the three, the development expenditure in health is the least, its percentage in GDP stays 0.4%-0.5% for long time and is decreasing in each year. At a news conference in the end of 2004, vice minister of Health said in the expenditure of central finance for last few years, the expenditure on health is only 1.6%-1.7%, and among this number, 70% of it were used to medical treatment for cities that contain 30% population of the country. In countryside, there are about 40%-60% people became poverty because of missing money for medical treatment. The death rate caused by sickness in mid-west areas is up to 60%-80%. Health Department declared in 2003, the infectious disease outbreak rate rose 6.7% than earlier year, and the death rate rose to 37%. According to the valuation row on health achievement and result that made by World Health Organization to its 191 member countries in 2000, China occupied in 144th; and in the valuation row on fairness of health load, China is in 188th , which is lower than India, Egypt, Pakistan and Burma. The percentage of education expenditure in China’s GDP is always around 2%. Its increasing is constantly slower than the increasing of GDP. The educational elastic coefficient is below 1%, it is about 290 Chinese Yuan on the basis of average per person in 2003 and it only equals the 2.7% of $1406 of US level in 90th of last century. Illiteracy's rate over 15 years of age in whole country is 11% in 2003, areas like Tibet, Guizhou, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai would up to 20%-55%. Percentage of institutions of higher education for total population is 5.1%, in western areas it is only 1%-4%. According to an investigation to Beijing and Qing Hua university, students come from countryside is only 1/5. The percentage of people owning college degree in cities is obvious higher than countryside, separately higher 55 times and 280 times. (It is very noticeable to contrast these above numbers with the increasing military expenses: China announced in March that it plans to increase 12.6% on military expenses this year. “Global military expenses of 2004 report”, published by International Peace Institute in Stockholm, showed that the global military expenses reached to the highest point of ten thousand billion dollars in 2004 after the end of Cold War. US, China and India are the fastest ones in increasing. Mr. Yu Maochun, professor of United States Naval Academy said that the actual number for Chinese military expenses is 70% higher than the number that official declared.) 2, Sun Liping: Some new characteristics of the gap between rich and poor since 90th. In term of the world common standard, the best average state is when the Geordie coefficient is below 0.3; 0.3-0.4 is normal; over 0.4 enters warning state and when Geordie coefficient reaches 0.6, a society could be in the danger for any time social disturbance. Up to end of 2000, in China, among the total 20 thousand billion national financial capitals, 80% of it owned by city residents who were only 30% of the total population, and among this number, half of it owned by the few high income stratum whose population was just 20% of the city residents. In other words, the one whose population was only 6% of the total, hold the 40% of the total national financial capitals. Moreover, some other reports showed the wealth is even centralized more. For instance, on a sample investigate to the city residents in 1999, the rich people who were less than 5% of total population hold the half (3 thousand billion)of the total 6 thousand billion national resident bank savings. Gap between city and rural is increasing. In 1985, the gap was reducing to 1.86 fold. However, it is increasing each year afterwards. In 2004, the gap was increasing to 3.21 fold. The actual income gap between city and rural should be about 6 fold. The proportion outstripped any other countries in the world. 3, He Qinglian: Undo the secret for last half contrary history. Chinese government purposely avoided the idea of average GDP per person. Despite we have large GDP in total, our average GDP per person is barely over one thousand dollars, still belong to countries that needs aid from international community. GDP is a measuring index for high speed economic growth, yet, there are too many other things that it can not measure. First, it can not measure the ecosystem cost that a society paid for its high speed economic growth. Second, it can not measure whether the distribution of the social wealthy is fair. Third, it can not measure the growth of social welfare. Growth of social welfare includes pension funds, medical insurance and compulsory education. In the year of 2003, China has consumed 30% of the world new added petroleum, 30% of steel material, 40% of the cement and a quarter of the global direct investment. Viewing the total amount of consumed energy and raw material for Chinese economic growth, one can find that every step of Chinese economic growth poses great demand for the world resources. 4, Reuter's: China has 1.4 billions in poverty. AP news, among Chinese poor population, there are 29,000 thousand annual income less than 81 dollars, belong to absolute poor population. Besides, there are 49,000 thousand who have income between 81-112 dollars annually. Reuter said that Chinese utterly destitution standard is much lower than the international related standard. If use the standard made by UN that 1 dollar per person per day is belong to the poor standard, there will be about 1.4 billion Chinese living under the line. Also, Xinhuanet.com reported, in 2003, there were 14,600 thousand Chinese out of poverty, but there were also 15,400 Chinese back to poverty. The news said that the Chinese standard for poverty was only 1/13 of the standard of World Bank. Mr. Bo Xilai admitted recently in an official trip, that there were 90,000 thousand Chinese’ daily expense below 2.50 Chinese Yuan and according to the World Bank’s standard, there are 2 billion rural Chinese are the poor populations. The poverty line set up by UN and World Bank in 1993 is 1 dollar per person per day. That means 8.20 Chinese Yuan each person each day. However, in China, which has 13 billion populations there, the poverty line set up currently is 1.83 Chinese Yuan. 5, British Financial Times: The Chinese Century still has long way to go. In two large merger cases that regard Chinese company as leading roles, Lianxiang and TCL achieved their goal through low-priced selling their share ownership. TCL purchased Thomson Television business without paying cash. Thomson reserved its 1/3 of its television business share ownership and has right to exchange the joint venture company share ownership into equal number of TCL international share ownership. Lianxiang paid to IBM 12.5 billion dollars in cash, bear 5 billion debts for 19% ownership of a share of the latter. In these two deals, western companies flung off their burdens, Chinese companies then seem to be on big gambling. Last week, Taiwan Minji bought from Siemens of its not-so-good running cellular phone business. Yet, this deal is quite different from the two above. In this deal, Siemens will provides about 2.5 billion Euro in cash and some services for the future development on cellular phone related core patent, marketing business open up and expending of co-brand. Meanwhile, Siemens returns to buy 2.5% share ownership with 50,000 thousand Euro from Mingji, but Mingji still possess all patent right of the cellular phone of Siemens. Compared with this, when TCL bought Thomson TV business, it had not bought the most profitable charactron making business. Having a figure of speech, Taiwan company is like a person sitting on the driver’s seat, mainland companies are just some one who temporary took a ride. 6, HongKong Commercial Daily: The New wave of “China Prosperity” is the result of the runaway loans. Only from 2002 to 2004, the loan in financial system increased 58%. The number is 7,850 billion dollars. The newest wave of “China Prosperity” was pushed by those runaway loans. In October 2004, China Banking Regulatory Commission admitted the debt rate for 220 billion dollar automobiles loan that started releasing since 2002 has exceeded 50%. Capital management companies not only became the trash field for commercial bank’s bad loans, but also be the capital trash field for failed investment groups, stock companies and governmental basic construction programs. The government gave power to the Capital management companies to issue interested bond, but refused to take clear responsibilities for compensation for those interested bond. At the same time, Chinese government also used over hundred thousand dollars of the foreign exchange storage to substantive bank capitals. Obviously, this is trying to give those “finished clearing” state-owned banks to the oversea stock market. The myth of China’s Rise is centralized on China’s “economic miracles”. Yet, the big trouble of this “economic miracle” is that it is nothing to do with the common Chinese. Moreover, most of Chinese lived in the shadow of the myth of China’s Rise. It is very suspicious to make proof that the Chinese way is success based on only that there still were not any turmoil happened in China, for one can not take temporary appearance for long term evidence. In fact, even for the so-called economic miracle, China’s success lost its shine as we compare it with “the Third Empire’s in last contrary. Taking employment as example, in the beginning of 1933, German jobless rate was 33% when Hitler got on power. The jobless rate reduced rapidly to 1/3 in the end of that year. The number was reducing continuously each year and it became 1% in 1938. From 1933 to 1938, German gross national product increased 102%, 11% average annual increasing rate. It doubled in five years and the national income increased 100%. At that time the whole western countries cheered for Nazi’s economic miracle or “German’s Rise” as well as for Dr. 沙 赫特博士’s rarely financial talent. The lessons history gave to us is so easy to forget that our world is still a shortsighted and eager for instant benefit one. Of course, China is not an aggressive country. It is not her nature. Still, the political structure of China with the Third Empire is surprisingly alike. Therefore, if China did not have such economic success, it is dishonest to make the myth of China’s rise. If China did make certain economic progress, it is injustice to ignore the political darkness of a totalitarian nation. V. Time Magazine articles on China recently also criticized the polluted environment problem of China. It would be enough to quote Chinese official report to show the price the environment of China has paid for China’s economic growth. Pan Yue, Vice-chief of Chinese National Environmental Protection Bureau, said lately that according to the statistics of 2003, the Chinese river sections that flowed through cities were 90% polluted seriously. 3 billion rural population drink unqualified water. Near 1/3 of city population live in the serious polluted environment. My question is, having admitted that the economic growth of China is paid by the high price of sacrificing its environment, what is the standard based on for praising this crime kind of economy? Is a kind of commentary of national selfish departmentalism, or a kind of commentary of commercial selfishness? The beneficiaries of China’s environmental sacrificed economic growth are Chinese politicians and oversea business men for now. Yet, I believe our nation, our next generation and eventually the whole world would have to pay disastrous price for it later. Dear editors, we love our country in our own way and we believe it is the same way you Americans love for your country. No one more than us wish China to rise, especially wish every Chinese to have a free and plentiful life. However, we need honesty not boast to reach that ideal. A noble Russian writer wrote a hundred years ago that “I love my country, but I do not lie to her,” I think this should be the standard for our reference. America is a great nation. It’s undertaking for the cause of human justice win extensive respect of the world. Only I want to tell you today, the China in the articles in your magazine is not the China I am familiar. And the China I am familiar does not deserve any praise from Chinese or Americans, Asia or the world. Mao Zedong told Chinese people: you have stood up in 1949 and many international communities echoed his sentence. However, after fifty years, there are 80,000 thousand that “have stood up” Chinese dead non-normally. Today, Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao told the world that China is in flourishing age, China is harmonious, China is rising, again many world opinion including Time Magazine echo to it. Yet, in this China’s rise, 2 billion Chinese are suffering in the absolute poverty. Each year 800 thousand Chinese, the number equals a middle city’s population in America, are dying non-normally, while thousands of other Chinese are putting into prison, for they honestly speak up their opinion for the government. This government blocks internet in an information ages, and ruined the whole nation’s ecosystem environment for its own benefit. Therefore, I want to tell you here, it is true that most Chinese wish China to rise, but it did not rise, not now yet. We can not do evil and to harm ourselves, we need to confess in the guilt and to be saved. Please pray for China. I would pray for you too. Ren Bumei July 9th 2005 in Montreal （by Wangai） ============= 尊敬的编辑先生： 我是一名中国人，我想代表和我有共同观点的一些中国读者，对贵刊2005年6月20日发表的“中国的新革命”(CHINA'S NEW REVOLUTION)一组文章，表达我们不同的看法。我们认为这贵刊关于中国的观点是片面的，贵刊记者可能过于依赖他们个人在与北京的关系中所得到的官方资讯，这导致他们对中国的真实情况缺乏全面的了解。 从历史上看，西方汉学和西方的中国舆论一直存在一个问题，他们的观点往往受中国政府自身观点的影响，这种状况在大跃进时期和文革时期都存在。协助或附和中宣部关于中国崛起和中国稳定的神话，不仅将助长北京方面在国内和国际事务中的傲慢，而且对中国普普通通陷入经济困境和政治灾祸中的人来说，也是不公正的。（删节） 一 贵刊制造的“中国的新革命” 是从叙述一位二十岁的农村姑娘刘丽(音译)在一家为美国出口服装的制衣厂工作开始的，这位幸运的姑娘月收入为一百二十美元。我想这位作者可能没有注意到一些中国勇敢的记者关于中国大陆一些企业普遍使用童工的报道，而刘丽这样的女工完全缺乏基本的福利保障和工会保护。更重要的是，刘丽并非代表了中国农村女孩的普遍命运。 2003年05月21日，英国布鲁内尔大学经济系高级讲师刘芍佳在BBC网站发表过一篇评论，她转引中国社科院一位社会学家关于中国妓女现状的调查指出，中国做妓女的主要来自三类人：一类由乡下进城的打工妹转换过来， 这类人占妓女的主要部分。据说，东莞有一家工厂，100多个川妹子进厂后，两年内转去做妓女的一半有余，剩下的都是些先天条件不足的。 第二类是由组织卖淫的“鸡头”直接从乡下“哄骗”而来的。农村女孩的不幸命运是和贫困与社会不公联系在一起的。这些乡下打工妹进城即使找到工作，报酬大多为600至700元月薪，除去吃喝及一些零用钱，再除掉每月寄回乡下的二百元钱，月底基本上是所剩无几。作者说，显然，乡下妹为“中国制造”干死干活，到头来与城里不干活的人的收入相比，没有多少差别，基本属于一个收入阶层：低收入或贫困群体。中国有多少妓女呢？这篇文章告诉人们一个参考数据，中国卖淫业每年创产值超过数百亿元。另一个参考数据是，中国妓女的一次性交易费用大致在10元人民币到1000元人民币之间。农村女孩另外一个悲惨命运是被拐卖。2000年10月20日 新华社报道说，2000年4月到10月，中国至少有110,000名被绑架的妇女和13,000儿童被救出。与此相关的是，2003年12月2日《南方都市报》刊文披露，中国已有5万多名弃婴被外国家庭收养，这个数字还在继续增长。因此香港《苹果日报》的批评说：“中国出口孤儿，年进帐7.5亿”。这样的“中国崛起”是令人汗颜和难堪的。 刘丽个案背后是中国严重的失业问题。有学者报告说，中国的城乡总和失业率为21.6%。 而这一数据中相当比例为“农村剩余劳动力”。 二、 贵刊“浓墨重彩”地赞扬了中国的稳定，这尤其令人诧异。中国是如何实现稳定的，以及中国社会是否真正稳定，这一点即使对中国政府来说都是非常清楚的。我想贵刊的记者即使不知道（删节），也应该知道塔西陀对罗马暴政的经典批评：“你们把城市变成一片废墟，然后称之为和平”——（删节）。 中新网（2005）7月7日消息，中组部副部长李景田在答记者问中承认：“最近中国农村发生的这些事情，我们把它叫作‘群体性事件’……我们的现代化建设和改革进入了关键时期，这个时期就是人均国民收入从1000美元到3000美元。这段时期，有人把它描绘成既是黄金发展期，也是矛盾凸显期。所以，由于改革的不断深入，由于发展，有些矛盾可能会集中地显现。” 那么中国的“群体性事件”已经严重到什么程度了呢？据香港《华南早报》2005年7月7日报道，中国公安部长周永康5日在北京举行的全国政协常委会上说，中国集体示威从1994年的1万次剧增为去年的7.4万次。 这一数据仅仅是参考数据，因为实际发生的骚乱显然更为频繁。一个每年发生7、8万次群众骚乱的社会被称为和谐社会或稳定社会，而这种和谐和稳定又是在密不透风、残酷至极的（删节） 关于中国稳定的那些文字，至少在定州那里应该化成一片灰烬。 三、 特别使人震惊的是，《时代》周刊的这组文章也谈到人权、宗教等问题在中国得到了极大的改善，文章说中国人可以公开批评政府，可以寻求法律手段保护自己。这已经近乎说谎了。 （删节） 但是显然，《时代》周刊试图扭转这种普遍的失望，但贵刊没有使用令人信服的数据。中国信息产业部上周说，截至6月30日，未向信息产业部ICP/IP地址信息备案管理系统办理备案手续的境内互联网站，将被依法暂时关闭，相关接入服务提供者暂停为其提供接入服务。新华网刊登的报道说：“目前约有1/4的网站因未备案面临暂时关闭。”亚洲新闻网据此报道说，根据中国官方的统计数据，中国截至去年底在.cn域名下的互联网站总数达到了66.9万个，这还不包括在非.cn域名如.com域名下开设的网站。中国去年下半年增加的.cn域名下的网站有4.2万个。这意味着，至少将有17万个网站将被关闭。中国信息产业部今年2月发布的《非经营性互联网信息服务备案管理办法》规定，所有网站都必须“在主页底部的中央位置标明其备案编号，并在备案编号下方按要求链接信息产业部备案管理系统网址，供公众查询核对。” 这个办法规定，中国的互联网接入服务商，不得为未经备案的网站网站提供服务，而一旦当局认为网站应当关闭，服务商就必须立即执行。对于违反其中每一项规定的网站，每项违规都将被处以高达1万元人民币的罚款。需要备案的网站包括商业网站、政府网站和个人网站。 中国言论自由状况正在严重恶化，人权正处于危机之中。在这种条件下谈论中国人权的进步是令人费解的。事实上中国人权问题的受害者不仅仅是持不同政见者和一些勇敢的记者，由于缺乏自由和法律救济手段，中国普通公民每时每刻都处于恐惧之中。最近发生的佘祥林等10大错案不过是中国人权状况的冰山一角。这些 令人发指的案件包括胥敬祥“抢劫、盗窃案”、佘祥林“杀妻案”、王树红“强奸杀人”案，河北承德陈国清“抢劫案”、唐山李久明“故意杀人”案、河南省安阳县秦艳红“强奸案”、聂树斌杀人案等等。 中国的“生存权”状况如何呢？有学者统计，2003年，中国每10万人中，交通、工伤、火灾死亡人数达13.6人，每10万人死亡率从1979年的4.4人增至10.6人。关于中国非正常死亡问题，《了望》周刊2004年4月初发表了《考验转型期的社会体制》一文，该文披露中国每年非正常死亡的人数包括：（1）每年有１２万人死于结核病;因患血吸虫病或艾滋病而死亡的人数不详。（2）全年至少有２８．７万人自杀死亡。（3）、2001年因食物中毒而死亡的人数是１８４人；专家估计实际中毒人数可能是统计数的１０倍以上，因此因食物中毒而死亡的人数也可能是不准确的。（4）生产安全事故导致死亡的人数近１４万。（5）每年由于自然灾害造成数千人死亡。（6）火灾年平均损失近２００亿元，并有２３００多民众伤亡。（7）各类刑事案件死亡年均近７万人。（8）每年交通事故死亡人数大概是10万人。（9）每年的死刑人数至少一万人。大致推算，中国每年非正常死亡数字在80万人以上。 这些案件发生在任何国家都将是国耻并受到普遍谴责。我不知道为什么频繁发生这些灾难的中国，反而被赞扬为人权进步。这是一种特殊性质的种族歧视，它等于认为中国人被警察凌辱、非正常死亡是天经地义的，相关案件对于中国人来说根本不是人权问题。先生们，这是不能容忍的。 四、 据说，《时代》还采访了中国社会各种精英人物，从企业巨头到民族主义者，从持不同政见者到倾听民意的地方政府领导，从关心同性恋权益的律师，到作家，热门电影人等等，这些代表人物的想法和作为向美国人展示了中国令人骄傲的变化。值得一提的是，5月9日的最新一期美国《新闻周刊》以“中国世纪(china's century)”为总题，用了21个版面对这些“令人骄傲的变化”进行了更为密集的报道。据说，“中国崛起已不是预测而是事实”。据说，中国崛起“最惊人的增长样板是上海”。据说，“中国的增长为世界带来了显而易见的巨大益处，特别是对美国。”据说，“中国25年来的年均增长率达到9%，是有记录以来大国经济的最快增长速度。同期，3亿人脱贫，中国国民的人均收入上升了4倍。”据说，“迄今为止，没有发生大规模的社会动荡。中国领导人应当为这一历史性的成就获得高分。”据说，中国是令人羡慕的，“印度官员总是说，中国官员不需要担心选民。”…… 我不知道《时代》周刊采访了哪位持不同政见者，而他又是怎样“向美国人展示了中国令人骄傲的变化”。但我知道，“中国社会各种精英人物”并不代表普通中国人。我知道，中国崛起“最惊人的增长样板是上海”，但上海不是中国。我知道，中国GDP统计模式及其年均增长率达到9%是一个倍受争议的数据，而建立在这一官方数据基础上的结论是令人猜疑的。我知道，中国3亿人脱贫的同时有多少人沦为贫困人口，而中国国民的人均收入上升了4倍，这一收入具体是怎样在居民中分配的。我知道，“中国是令人羡慕的”的那些“政治优势”在美国和西方国家是无论如何不能被接受的政治罪行，需要说明的是，在中国，他们同样是。 为了是使刊以及一些西方读者更全面的了解中国，参考以下一些数据和事实是必要的。 1、朱庆芳：数字里的中国社会和谐度 中国的社会发展支出与世界各国相比是偏低的。以基本可比的社会保障、教育、 卫生三项社会发展支出合计占GDP 的比例，中国2003年为7%左右，低于美、法16%和30%，也低于波兰、俄罗斯、伊朗、巴西、南非占27%-10%的比例。卫生经费的投入更少，占GDP的比例长期徘徊在0.4%-0.5%之间，历年呈下降趋势。 2004年底召开的新闻发布会上，卫生部副部长说，在近几年中央财政支出中，卫生支出仅占1.6%-1.7%，其中有 70% 的医疗费用于占总人口30%的城镇，在农村约有40%-60% 的人因看不起病而致贫、返贫，中西部地区因病而死亡的比例高达 60%-80%。卫生部在2003年公布的传染病发病率比上年上升6.7%，死亡率上升了37%。据世界卫生组织2000年对191个成员国的卫生绩效进行的评估排序，中国居第144位；在卫生负担公平性的评价排序中，中国居第188位，比印度、埃及、巴基斯坦、缅甸还低。中国教育投入占GDP的比例一直徘徊在2%左右。长期以来教育经费的增长慢于GDP的增长，教育弹性系数一直低于1%，按人口平均2003年为290元，仅折合35美元，只相当于美国上世纪90年代1406多美元的2.7%。2003年全国15 岁以上文盲率达11%，西藏、贵州、云南、甘肃、青海西部地区高达55%-20%；大专以上文化程度占总人口的比例只有5.1%，西部地区只有1%-4%。据对清华川北大的调查，来自农村的学生仅占1/5。城市人口中的大专和本科学历比例明显高于农村，竟分别高达55倍和280倍。 （上述数据与 军费增长的对比是引人瞩目的：中国在今年3月宣布，计划在本年度增加12.6%军费。 斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所发表的“2004年全球军费报告”显示，全球军费在2004年达到冷战结束后的最高点一万亿美元。美国、中国和印度是军费增长最快的国家。 美国海军学院教授余茂春表示，中国的实际军费比官方宣布的数字要高出70%。） 2、孙立平：90年代以来贫富差距的几个新特征 按照世界通常标准，基尼系数在0.3 以下为最佳的（Best）平均状态，在0.3-0.4之间为正常状态（Normal），但超过0.4 就算进入警戒状态（Warn），达到0.6 则属社会动乱随时发生的危险状态（Danger）。截至2000年底，在20万亿元的国内金融资产中，80%为占总人口30%左右的城市居民所拥有，其中近一半又被只占城市人口20%的少数高收入阶层占有。也就是说，占总人口6%的人占有了40%的金融资产。不过，另外一些调查表明，财富的集中程度要更高。比如，一项在1999年进行的城镇居民抽样调查表明，不足5％的富人占有当时全国居民储蓄存款总额6万亿元的一半，即3万亿元人民币。（城乡差距扩大。城乡差距1985年曾缩小为1.86倍，以后逐年扩大，2004年扩大为3.21倍。实际的城乡收入差距应为 6倍左右，这一比例大大超过了世界各国。） 3、何清涟：二十世纪后半叶历史解密 中国政府在此刻意回避了一个人均GDP，尽管我们GDP总额很大，但是人均GDP才刚刚超过一千美元，还属于国际援助国的范围。GDP它确实衡量一个经济高速成长的指标，但是它不能衡量的东西太多了。第一，它不能衡量这个社会为高速成长付出的的生态成本；第二，它不能衡量社会财富的分配是否公平；第三，它不能衡量社会福利的增长。所谓社会福利的增长是三大要素：养老保险、医疗保险与义务教育。 2003年一年，中国消耗了全球新增石油的30％，钢材的30％，水泥的40％和全球直接投资的四分之一。从这些年中国经济增长所消耗的能源及原材料总量来看，中国经济增长的每一步都对世界资源形成了极大的需求。 4、路透社：中国贫困人口1亿4千万 美联社报导说，中国贫困人口中，有2900万人口年收入不到81美元，属于绝对贫困人口。另外还有4900万人年收入在81美元到112美元之间。路透社说，中国的赤贫标准远远低于国际上的有关定义。如果按照联合国制定的人均1天1美元以下就属贫困的标准，中国人口中，大约有1亿4千万人仍然生活在贫困线以下。 另据新华网的报道，中国２００３年有１４６０万贫困人口脱贫，却又有１５４０万人返贫。中国贫困标准仅仅是世界银行标准的13分之一。薄熙来在最近出访中承认，中国有9000万人每天生活费低于2.50元人民币，而按照世界银行的标准，中国农村的贫困人口有2亿。 世界银行和联合国在1993年设定的贫困线为每人每天1美元，即8.20元人民币。而13亿人口的中国，目前设定的平困线为年收入668元人民币，也即每天每人1.83元人民币。 5、英国《金融时报》：中国世纪还相距甚远 在中国公司为主角的两大并购案中，联想和TCL通过廉价出售其股权实现了目的。TCL购买汤姆森电视业务没有支付现金，汤姆森公司保留了其电视业务1/3的股权，并有权将所持合资公司股权换为相当数量的TCL国际股权。联想向IBM支付了12.5亿美元的现金，承担了后者5亿美元的债务，还送给后者19%的股权。在这两项交易中，西方公司都甩掉了包袱，大陆公司则像是在进行一场赌博。上周，台湾明基公司收购了西门子经营状况不佳的手机业务。这笔交易与上述两笔有着明显区别。西门子提供约2.5亿欧元的现金与服务，作为对未来手机相关核心专利的开发、营销业务的拓展及共同品牌的推广，同时西门子还以5000万欧元购入明基2.5%的股权，而明基公司还可享有西门子手机的所有专利权。与此相比，当TCL收购汤姆森的电视业务时，却没得到利润最高的显像管制造这一块。如果给这些收购案打一个比喻的话，台湾公司就好比坐在了驾驶员座位上，而大陆公司只不过搭个便车而已。 6、香港商报：新一轮“中国繁荣”乃信贷失控所致 仅在2002至2004年这3 年间金融体系的贷款就增长了58%， 增长数额为7850亿美元。这场最新的 “中国繁荣”是由信贷失控推动的。去年10月，中国银监会承认，自 2002年以来新发放的220亿美元汽车贷款的拖欠率已超过50%。资产管理 公司不仅成了商业银行的不良贷款垃 圾场，也成了失败的投资集团、证券 公司和政府基建项目的‘资产’垃圾 场。政府让这些资产管理公司发行带 息债券，但却拒绝对这些债券明确承 担偿付责任。与此同时，中国政府又 动用数百亿美元外汇储备来充实银行 的资本金，而这种金融手段无非是要让“清理完毕”的国有银行在海外上市。 中国崛起的神话集中在所谓中国的“经济奇迹”方面。中国奇迹最大的问题是，它与普通中国人几乎无关，或者说 ，大多数中国人生活在中国崛起的神话的阴影之下。那种以中国仍然没有发生动乱为根据证明中国道路成功的思维方式是可疑的，因为人们不能用暂时现象作为长久的证据。事实上在所谓的经济奇迹方面，中国的成绩与当年“第三帝国”的成绩相比也是相形见绌的。仅是就业为例，1933年初，希特勒上台时德国失业率为33%，1933年底就减少了1/3，以后逐年减少，到1938年失业率仅为1%。1933年到1938年德国国民生产增长了102%，平均年增长率11%，5年里翻了一番，国民的收入增加了一倍。当时整个西方国家对纳粹的经济奇迹或“德国崛起”及金融奇才沙赫特博士称羡不已，但历史给世界的教训实在是容易让人遗忘的。这个世界仍然是一个急功近利、目光短浅的世界。中国当然不是一个侵略成性的国家，这不是它的民族性格。但中国的政治结构与第三帝国是惊人相似的。因此，第一，如果中国没有那样的经济成功，制造中国崛起的神话就是不诚实的。如果中国取得了某种经济进步，但无视一个极权国家的政治黑暗的评论，是不公义的。 五、 据说，《时代》周刊的报道还批评了中国的环境污染问题。关于中国环境为它的经济发展所付出的代价，我们仅仅引用中国官方的报道就足够了。中国国家环保总局副局长潘岳不久前表示，根据2003年的统计数据，中国流经城市的河段90%受到严重污染；有近3亿农村人口饮用不合格的水；全国近1/3的城市人口生活在严重污染的空气环境中。 我的问题是，既然承认中国的经济增长是一严重败坏环境为代价的，那么对这种犯罪式经济的赞扬根据的又是什么标准呢？这是一种民族本位主义的评论，还是商业自利主义的评论呢？中国对环境破坏而取得的经济增长，暂时受益者仅仅是中国政客和海内外商人，但整个国家、后来人以及全世界，都将为此付出惨重的代价。 编辑先生，我们以自己的方式热爱自己的国家。我想这种方式与美国人热爱自己的国家的方式是一致的。没有人比我们更希望中国崛起，特别是希望每一个中国人都过上自由富足的生活。但是，要实现这一理想需要诚实而不是自吹自擂。100多年以前，一位伟大的俄国作家说，我爱我的祖国，因此我不想对她说谎。我想这也是我们今天应该引为境鉴的标准。美国是一个伟大的国家，他们对人类正义事业的担当赢得了广泛的尊敬。只是今天我要告诉你们，贵刊所告诉人们的那个中国，不是我熟悉的那个中国。而那个中国，无论是对于中国人还是美国人，无论对于亚洲还是世界，都不是一个值得赞扬的国度。1949年，毛泽东告诉中国人说，你们站起来了。当时，国际社会很多人附和这一声音。五十多年以后，“站起来”的中国人中大约有8000万人非正常死亡。今天，（删节）告诉世界，中国盛世了，和谐了，崛起了，包括贵刊在内的国际舆论附和这一声音。然而，在中国“崛起”中，中国2亿人相当于整个美利坚合众国的人口，生活在饥寒交迫的绝对贫困之下，每年80万人相当于美国一个中小城市的人口非正常死亡，而千万人因为诚实地说出了他们对政府的看法而被关进监狱，这个政府还在信息时代彻底封锁了网络，同时由于生态环境的破坏他们把整个国家沦为不适合人类居住的地方。因此，我想在这里告诉你们，大多数中国人希望中国崛起，但现在还没有。我们不能在堕落中作恶自害，我们需要在罪恶中忏悔并获得救赎。 请你们为中国祷告。 我也愿意为你们祷告。 2005年7月9日星期六于蒙特利尔 | ||||||
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